Mr. Market is currently offering International Business Machines Corporation at $229.48.
The business passes 4 of 7 of Graham's defensive criteria — adequate but not exceptional.
At $229.48, the stock trades at a 146% premium to its Graham Number of $93.43. Graham would consider this price speculative.
There is no margin of safety at the current price. Graham would advise patience and waiting for a better entry point.
Negative NCAV — liabilities exceed current assets. Common in capital-return businesses (buybacks, debt-funded dividends) and capital-intensive industries. Not automatically a warning sign..
Conclusion: This stock is better suited for Graham's Enterprising investor — one willing to devote time and skill to security selection.
International Business Machines Corporation, together with its subsidiaries, provides integrated solutions and services in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and the Asia Pacific. It operates through Software, Consulting, Infrastructure, and Financing segments. The Software segment offers hybrid cloud and AI platforms that allow clients to realize their digital and AI transformations across the applications, data, and environments in which they operate. The Consulting segment delivers strategy and technology services and intelligent operations, providing business transformation, technology implementation, managed services, application modernization, and AI-powered solutions. The Infrastructure segment provides on-premises and cloud-based server, and storage solutions, as well as life-cycle services for hybrid cloud infrastructure deployment. Its Financing segment offers client and commercial financing, and facilitates IBM clients' acquisition of hardware, software, and services. It has strategic partnerships with various companies, including hyperscalers, service providers, global system integrators, and software and hardware vendors that include Adobe, Amazon Web Services, Microsoft, Oracle, Salesforce, Samsung Electronics and SAP, and others. Additionally, the company operate a data streaming platform. The company has a strategic collaboration with Arm Holdings plc for the development of new dual-architecture hardware that helps enterprises run future AI and data intensive workloads. The company was formerly known as Computing-Tabulating-Recording Co. International Business Machines Corporation was incorporated in 1911 and is headquartered in Armonk, New York.
| Metric | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross Profit % | 58.2% ▲ | 56.7% | 55.4% | 54.0% | N/A |
| Operating Margin % | 18.5% ▲ | 16.1% | 15.2% | 13.5% | N/A |
| Net Income % | 15.7% ▲ | 9.6% | 12.1% | 2.7% | N/A |
| Diluted EPS | 11.17 ▲ | 6.43 | 8.14 | 1.80 | N/A |
| Metric | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Assets | $151.9B | $137.2B | $135.2B | $127.2B | N/A |
| Total Debt | $64.6B ↑ | $58.4B | $59.9B | $54.0B | N/A |
| Working Capital | -$1.7B ▼ | $1.3B | -$1.2B | -$2.4B | N/A |
| Years to Pay Debt | 6.10 | 9.70 | 7.99 | 32.93 | N/A |
| Metric | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Free Cash Flow | $11.5B ▼ | $11.8B | $12.1B | $8.5B | N/A |
| Owner Earnings | $17.4B | $12.4B | $13.7B | $8.4B | N/A |
| CapEx % of Net Income | 16.4% | 28.0% | 24.1% | 120.2% | N/A |
| Metric | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capital Expenditure % of Net Income | 16.4% | 28.0% | 24.1% | 120.2% | N/A |
| Repurchase of Capital Stock | -$1.0B | -$651M | -$402M | -$407M | N/A |
| Free Cash Flow | $11.5B ▼ | $11.8B ▼ | $12.1B ▲ | $8.5B • | N/A • |
| Warren's Owner Earnings | $17.4B | $12.4B | $13.7B | $8.4B | N/A |
| Institution | % Owned | Shares |
|---|---|---|
| Vanguard Group Inc | 10.34% | 97,216,131 |
| Blackrock Inc. | 8.29% | 77,873,572 |
| State Street Corporation | 5.85% | 54,996,293 |
| Geode Capital Management, LLC | 2.41% | 22,605,083 |
| Capital World Investors | 2.34% | 22,021,912 |
| JPMORGAN CHASE & CO | 1.62% | 15,203,455 |
| Bank of America Corporation | 1.60% | 15,014,051 |
| Morgan Stanley | 1.58% | 14,859,806 |
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) fundamental analysis — Overall grade D based on profitability, financial health, valuation and cash flow. Graham's Fair Value: $93.43. Margin of safety: 0%. Gross profit margin: 58.2%. Operating margin: 18.5%. Net margin: 15.7%. Market cap: $215.7B. Sector: Technology. Industry: Information Technology Services. Analysis powered by 360investing — free fundamental stock analysis based on Benjamin Graham and Warren Buffett principles.
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